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A Step Approach to Solving Problems When clients come for counselling, they usually have reached a point where their problems feel unmanageable. By following this step approach to problem solving, it encourages the client to identify the problem, focus on the key part, and then employ strategies to solve it.
1. What is the problem?
Providing a clear statement of the problem gives the direction to the possible solutions.
2. Are there several parts to the problem?
Decide on a scale of 1-10, (one being insignificant and ten being very significant) which part of the problem is causing the most distress currently. Focus on the present rather than on past difficulties. Try to focus on one problem at a time.
3. Ask yourself if you have handled something similar in the past.
What skills do you have now that can be applied to the situation?
4. Determine what is needed to help.
Do you need more information to make a decision? Do you feel the need to seek the help of friends, family, clergy, or professionals?
5. Share problems in a positive and constructive manner.
In presenting a problem or concern that involves the behaviour of another person, it is important to express the concern without blaming or attacking the other person. It can help to send a message out first with concern and caring rather than blame.
Consider these two examples.
"You never notice how hard I work." This is blaming, judgmental and can cause the other person to become defensive and shut down.
"You are a great father and I appreciate the time you spend with the kids, however, I need support and acknowledgment of the work I do in the house." This is a positive message that allows room for discussion and problem solving rather than arguing.
6. Avoid generalizations
Overgeneralizations are accusatory and often are generally inaccurate. The person receiving this message will usually counter attack trying to disprove the validity of the statement.
For example: "You never clean up after yourself". "I always have to remind you to do the chores".
7. Brainstorm on possible solutions to the problem.
8. Try and determine the consequences of the solutions.
Most solutions will have direct consequences and some indirect consequences. Discussing these ahead of time may avoid any "surprises".
9. Evaluate the options
10. Implement a plan and evaluate the outcome
These skills can be used in professional and personal areas of your life. Remember that learning any new skill requires practice. Start practicing these skills on problems that are not too intense. Once you get the hang of it, the more severe problems can be addressed.
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